Pneumatic cylinder is an energy conversion pneumatic actuator that converts air pressure energy into linear motion mechanical work.
A pneumatic cylinder is a pneumatic actuator that converts air pressure energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion (or swing motion). It has simple structure and reliable operation. When using it to realize reciprocating motion, the reduction device can be omitted, and there is no transmission gap, and the movement is stable, so it is widely used in various mechanical pneumatic systems. The output force of the pneumatic cylinder is proportional to the effective area of the piston and the pressure difference on both sides; the pneumatic cylinder is basically composed of a cylinder barrel and a cylinder head, a piston and a piston rod, a sealing device, a buffer device and an exhaust device. Buffers and exhausts depend on the application, others are essential.
According to the structure of common pneumatic cylinders, they can be divided into four types:
1. Piston
A single piston rod pneumatic cylinder has a piston rod only at one end. As shown in the picture is a single-piston pneumatic cylinder. Both the inlet and outlet ports A and B at both ends can pass pressure oil or return oil to realize bidirectional movement, so it is called a double-acting cylinder.
2. Plunger
(1) The plunger type pneumatic cylinder is a single-acting pneumatic cylinder, which can only move in one direction by air pressure, and the return stroke of the plunger depends on other external forces or the self-weight of the plunger;
(2) The plunger is only supported by the cylinder liner and not in contact with the cylinder liner, so the cylinder liner is very easy to process, so it is suitable for long-stroke pneumatic cylinders;
(3) The plunger is always under pressure during operation, so it must have sufficient rigidity;
(4) The weight of the plunger is often large, and it is easy to sag due to its own weight when placed horizontally, causing the wear of the seal and the guide unilateral, so it is more advantageous to use it vertically.
3. Telescopic
The telescopic pneumatic cylinder has two or more stages of pistons. The order of the extension of the piston in the telescopic pneumatic cylinder is from large to small, while the order of no-load retraction is generally from small to large. The telescopic cylinder can achieve a longer stroke, while the retracted length is shorter and the structure is more compact. This kind of pneumatic cylinder is often used in construction machinery and agricultural machinery.
4. Swing
Swing pneumatic cylinder is an actuator that outputs torque and realizes reciprocating motion, also known as swing pneumatic motor. There are single-leaf and double-leaf forms. The stator block is fixed to the cylinder, while the vanes and rotor are connected together. According to the oil inlet direction, the vanes will drive the rotor to swing back and forth.
Post time: Jul-29-2022